Mereformasi Kriteria DSM dan Menggali Alternatif dalam Penanganan Skizofrenia untuk Perawatan yang Lebih Holistik

Schizophrenia is a brain disorder that causes difficulties in social interaction, self-care, and distinguishing between reality and imagination. This study utilizes a literature review method and a prospective observational study design. The research examines how DSM criteria address schizophrenia, particularly focusing on psychotic symptoms, the separation of symptoms from their causes, and the emphasis on clinical features without considering biological indicators. The study also discusses alternative concepts of schizophrenia by considering recent findings on genetic origins, brain development, and pathophysiological factors. The research methodology involves analyzing the historical development of diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia alongside the latest understanding of the disorder's biology and development. Findings suggest that psychotic symptoms are not specific to schizophrenia alone and that pre-psychotic indicators could serve as evidence of genetic predisposition to the condition. Therefore, to enhance the treatment and prevention of schizophrenia, a more focused approach on understanding its causes is needed. Consequently, field trials are necessary to develop research criteria that are more sensitive to development and biologically based, considering schizotaxia as a distinct diagnostic condition from schizophrenia with psychosis.