Research Status and Progress of Ultrasound Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules

甲状腺结节的精准鉴别是临床诊疗的核心问题，超声技术凭借其无创性、高分辨率及实时动态成像优势，已成为甲状腺结节筛查与评估的首选方法。近年来，随着多模态超声技术、人工智能(AI)辅助系统及分子检测的整合应用，超声诊断的敏感性与特异性显著提升，推动了甲状腺结节诊疗的个体化与精准化发展。越来越多的学者注意到超声对于甲状腺结节的诊断价值，同时也开展了更多的相关研究，并取得了一定进展。基于此，本研究旨在对超声诊断甲状腺结节的研究现状与进展进行综述，以期为甲状腺结节诊治提供一些参考。The precise identification of thyroid nodules is a core issue in clinical diagnosis and treatment. Ultrasound technology, with its non-invasive, high-resolution, and real-time dynamic imaging advantages, has become the preferred method for screening and evaluating thyroid nodules. In recent years, with the integrated application of multimodal ultrasound technology, artificial intelligence (AI) assisted systems, and molecular detection, the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound diagnosis have significantly improved, promoting the individualized and precise development of thyroid nodule diagnosis and treatment. More and more scholars have noticed the diagnostic value of ultrasound for thyroid nodules, and have also conducted more related research, making certain progress. Based on this, this study aims to review the current status and progress of ultrasound diagnosis of thyroid nodules, in order to provide some references for the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid nodules.