Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and dyslipoproteinemia. Literature review

The major cholesterol transporter in the circulation, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), should still be considered the most atherogenic lipoprotein species, but not because its contribution to serum cholesterol levels. In most individuals, the atherogenic potential of LDL arises from an increase in the number of small dense LDL particles rather than from its cholesterol content. There is now abundant evidence from cross-sectional and prospective studies showing that LDL particle size is significantly associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) and is a prognostic factor for increased coronary risk.The purpose of this literature review is aimed to provide a current data description of the prevalence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and dyslipoproteinemia in global practice.Information was searched in Pubmed, ResearchGate, and eLibrary databases. The review included primary studies (both descriptive and analytical), secondary studies (including systematic reviews and meta-analyses), methodological manuals, clinical guidelines, and full-text publications in Russian and English published over the last 10 years.Therefore, patients suffering from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease have an increased risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and atherosclerotic cardiovascular pathologies is based on complex and interrelated mechanisms. According to the literature analysis, the following key pathogenetic links that are connected nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and atherosclerosis can be identified: endothelial dysfunction, lipid profile disorders, increased production of a number of proinflammatory cytokines and inflammatory response, and increased oxidative stress.Keywords: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, lipoproteins, cardiovascular diseases, liver diseases, dyslipidemias.