Oral Administration of Heat-Killed Multi-Strain Probiotics Confers Durable Protection Against Antibiotic-Resistant Primary and Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in a Murine Model

These findings demonstrate the superior efficacy of Postbiotic I in mitigating UTIs, with sustained protection post-treatment, supporting its potential as a long-term, non-antibiotic strategy. Additionally, our reproducible chronic UTI model, achieved through the co-inoculation of three uropathogens, provides a valuable tool for future research on chronic UTI pathogenesis and treatment.