CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE (CCS) WELLS: DRILLING AND INTEGRITY

This review paper analyses the essential elements of method of drilling and well integrity in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) wells, emphasising specialised methods for CO₂ injections and long-term carbon sequestration. In light of the escalating necessity to combat climate change, CCS presents itself as an effective approach for diminishing atmospheric CO₂ concentrations. The research underscores the significance of preserving well integrity to avert leakage and guarantee the safety during sequestration activities. Principal challenges are the corrosion threats presented by CO₂-saturated fluids and the necessity for efficient zonal separation. The feasibility of repurposing abandoned drilling sites for carbon sequestration is examined, offering a cost-efficient approach that utilises existing infrastructure. Moreover, the discourse highlights improvements in real-time monitoring systems, underscoring their significance in validating CO₂ containment and preserving well integrity. This analysis seeks to enlighten industry lawmakers and other interested parties of the advances and issues in CCS well drilling, while also highlighting future research requirements. The results emphasise the importance of a multi-disciplinary approach to improve the effectiveness of CCS methods, therefore aiding global climate objectives.Keywords: Carbon Capture and Storage, Well Integrity, CO₂ Injection, Real-Time Monitoring, Climate Change