Optimization of Recycling Bin Placement Using OpenStreetMap Data

This study presents an optimization approach for improving the placement of recycling bins in the town of Plasy using a graph-theoretic model. The problem is formulated as a p-median facility location problem, using OpenStreetMap data to analyze urban infrastructure. Two optimization criteria are considered: the first minimizes the total distance from residential buildings to the nearest recycling bin, while the second incorporates population-weighted distances based on the number of apartments per building. Several variants are evaluated, ranging from redistributing existing bins to adding new collection points. The results demonstrate that optimized placement can reduce average walking distances by up to 18% without excessive infrastructure expansion. The findings provide a cost-effective methodology for municipalities seeking to enhance waste collection accessibility while balancing operational efficiency and infrastructure investments.