Optimizing Radio Site Locations Using Metaheuristics in GIS for Enhanced Cellular Coverage

Cellular networks are high-capacity radio infrastructures that provide essential voice and data communication services. They use radio waves to connect subscriber devices to the central network while offering advanced features. To ensure optimal communication quality, it is crucial to manage various radio parameters, which require constant adjustments. Operators thus strive to enhance service quality to prevent anomalies that could disrupt the network and lead to radio optimization issues. This paper explores the application of genetic algorithms (GA) to optimize the placement of radio base stations (EnodB) to improve network coverage and performance. It proposes using GA to plan and optimize these stations, then integrating the results into a geographic information system (GIS) like Atoll, which includes electromagnetic wave propagation models. The GA-GIS solution demonstrates how genetic algorithms can revolutionize network design, enhancing service quality and increasing customer satisfaction.