Placement of Battery Electric Bus Charging Points Considering Urban Land Prices

As electric vehicles become more widespread, the adoption of electric buses in public transportation systems is also increasing. This growing adoption has led to an increased demand for charging infrastructure, necessitating large, dedicated areas where buses can park for extended periods during charging. This study applies a mathematical approach, specifically the covering method, to determine the optimal placement of electric bus charging stations in a general urban environment. The analysis considers key factors such as land prices, spatial distribution, and the travel distance required for buses to access charging facilities. A cost-based evaluation is conducted to compare different charging location strategies, including terminal-based and centralized depot charging. By incorporating economic and operational constraints, the study aims to identify cost-effective solutions for long-term infrastructure planning. The findings offer practical insights for urban planners and transit authorities seeking to optimize the deployment of electric bus charging infrastructure while reducing overall system costs.