Research on Cybersecurity Risk Assessment of Virtual Power Plants

Virtual power plants, as an advanced power management system, effectively integrate renewable energy and distributed energy storage resources, demonstrating exceptional capabilities in self-regulation, protection, and management adaptability. However, during the process of resource integration and dispatching, the system's attack surface expands, vulnerabilities increase, and the potential consequences of compromise are severe. As a paradigm of cyber-physical systems, virtual power plants heavily rely on information and communication technologies, and their complex interconnected architecture introduces unique cybersecurity challenges that differ from traditional smart grids. This paper provides an overview of the cybersecurity risks faced by virtual power plants. It collects data from the cyber-physical side and proposes a cybersecurity risk assessment mechanism that combines dynamic and static indicators. Through simulation experiments, it is verified that the proposed indicator system and quantitative calculation method can effectively assess security, identify risk vulnerabilities, and propose effective reinforcement measures.