Hierarchical Text Classification Method Driven by Dynamic Hierarchical Fusion and Prompt Embedding

Hierarchical Text Classification, as a critical task in natural language processing, has broad applications in scenarios with complex label structures and limited samples. However, existing methods still face challenges in capturing hierarchical label information and text interactions, resulting in suboptimal classification performance. This study proposes a few-shot hierarchical text classification method based on prompt embeddings and dynamically fused hierarchical features. Building on pre-trained language models, the method encodes hierarchical structure information as prompts through an adaptive prompt embedding model and dynamically fuses hierarchical features to generate more expressive text representations. Additionally, a positive sample generation strategy based on contrastive learning is introduced, enabling the model to effectively distinguish hierarchical features across different categories, further enhancing classification performance. Experimental results demonstrate that this method significantly improves classification accuracy on multiple public datasets, exhibiting stronger generalization ability and robustness compared to mainstream methods. This approach offers a novel and effective solution for hierarchical text classification tasks.