The Benefits and Risks of Antibiotics Use in Plant Agriculture

Abstract Antibiotics are primarily used in animals to maintain their health and productivity. They are also used to a limited extent in plants in some countries to control bacterial diseases. Despite their benefits, the continuous use of antibiotics in plants is an emerging area of concern given the potential transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) to pathogens and non-pathogens, as different organisms (sometimes from different kingdoms) are known to be able to exchange genetic materials. Moreover, antibiotic application can disrupt microbial diversity balance (dysbiosis) and affect plant-beneficial microbes, making plants more susceptible to other diseases and affecting physiological and metabolic processes. This case study aims to explore the current status of antibiotic use in plant agriculture, to elucidate the associated risks, assess environmental and plant health concerns, and investigate sustainable agricultural approaches, highlighting the need for careful management of antibiotic use in plants to mitigate resistance development and environmental impact. Information © The Authors 2025