EUROPEAN TRANSPORT SAFETY STANDARDS: IMPLEMENTATION EXPERIENCE IN UKRAINE

This scientific article examines the process of implementing European transport safety standards in Ukraine in the context of European integration and improving road safety.The topic's relevance is due to the urgent need to harmonize national legislation with European Union norms in the transport sector.The research aims to determine the peculiarities of implementing European standards in domestic legislation, assess the effectiveness of the measures taken, and develop recommendations for improving the transport safety system in Ukraine.The paper analyzes the regulatory aspects of transport safety, including compliance with Ukrainian legislation and European directives on road, rail, air, and water transport safety.The technical safety standards for vehicles, infrastructure, and transportation in force in the EU and the specifics of their implementation in Ukraine have been studied.Special attention is paid to the social aspects of the transformation of the transport system: changing behavioral models of road users, improving driving culture, and developing a responsible attitude towards transport safety.The dynamics of accidents and mortality on Ukrainian roads in the context of implementing European standards are analyzed based on statistical data.Key factors contributing to reducing the number of road traffic accidents and obstacles to the effective implementation of European practices in Ukraine have been identified.The impact of institutional, financial, and infrastructural constraints on harmonizing safety systems has been investigated.The article presents a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of transport safety measures in EU countries and Ukraine, identifying the most successful practices that need to be adapted to Ukrainian realities.Promising directions for developing the transport safety system in Ukraine are outlined, considering European integration aspirations and modern challenges.Specific recommendations are proposed for improving the regulatory framework, technical regulation, driver training system, infrastructure projects, and information and educational activities in road safety.