Optimization of Thermoelectric Module Configuration and Cooling Performance in Thermoelectric-Based Battery Thermal Management System

A good thermal management system for batteries is the key to solving potential risks such as the thermal runaway of batteries and ensuring that the batteries work within the appropriate temperature range. To resolve the conflict between cooling efficiency and input power in existing battery thermal management systems based on thermoelectric cooling, this paper proposes an optimization method for the layout of thermoelectric devices. Using a multi-physics coupling numerical model, this study focuses on analyzing the impact of the quantity of thermoelectric devices and input current on battery temperature. The optimal arrangement structure and system response characteristics are investigated from four aspects: maximum temperature, maximum temperature difference, temperature difference uniformity, and cooling coefficient. The research results show that the optimized system is capable of reducing both the maximum temperature and the maximum temperature difference within the battery pack, and reduces the input power consumption by 19.8%, effectively enhancing the energy efficiency of the system.