The dynamics of respiratory changes on the background of inhalation treatment with tauractant in patients in the post-covid period

Introduction. Pulmonary surfactant is a key component of the respiratory system that ensures the stability of the alveoli by reducing surface tension, preventing collapse of the respiratory tract and protecting against infections. Its dysfunction is observed in severe respiratory diseases, including COVID-19, ARDS, pneumonia, COPD and bronchial asthma. Of particular interest is the inhalation use of exogenous forms of surfactant not only in acute COVID-19, but also in the post-covid period. Aim. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a course of inhalation of tauractant emulsion (Surfactant-BL) through a nebulizer in patients with COVID-associated pneumonia with persistent ventilation disorders after 3 months of therapy in the post-covid period. Materials and methods: The study included 60 patients with COVID-associated pneumonia with confirmed violations of lung ventilation and pronounced residual changes in lung tissue, who were randomly divided into 2 groups – the main group (n = 30) and the comparison group (n = 30). The main group, in addition to the standard therapy for post-covid syndrome, received a course of inhalation with Surfactant-BL twice a day for 7 days. All patients underwent a comprehensive study of respiratory function (spirography, bodyplethysmography and diffusion test) at the stage of inclusion in the study and after 3 months. Results. In the main group, significant positive dynamics in FEV1, FEV1/FVC, FRC, and TLC were revealed, while the diffusion capacity DLCO of the lungs did not significantly change. Conclusion. In this study, the effectiveness of the use of an exogenous surfactant in the post-pregnancy period was demonstrated. It is advisable to continue conducting studies using more numerous groups of patients to determine clear criteria for the use of inhaled surfactant therapy in the post-covid period.