Cardioprotective effect of Asphaltum punjabianum (Shilajit): An evidence-based review

Shilajit is a traditional herbal mineral with proven health benefits. It is also known as a resinous substance with ancient healthcare wisdom. The health benefits of Shilajit are well-documented in numerous ancient texts globally, and so is its use. However, with the growing interest in natural-based products for the management of various diseases, the need for scientific evidence also increases. The main components of Shilajit are fulvic acid and humic acids, as well as trace elements and minerals, and are considered responsible for various pharmacological effects. Notably, as reported in numerous preclinical and clinical studies, Shilajit has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Considering this, in the present manuscript, we discuss Shilajit's origin, varieties, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and the available cardioprotective studies in detail. Moreover, we have discussed toxicological studies, safety studies, and clinical findings to substantiate the safe and effective use of Shilajit.