Neurotherapeutic effects of Ganoderma lucidum: Biochemical characterization and behavioral assessment in animal models

Neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, are characterized by progressive neuronal loss, oxidative stress, and impaired cognitive and motor functions. Natural compounds with antioxidant and neuroprotective properties offer promising therapeutic potential. Rich in biologically active compounds such as triterpenoids and polysaccharides, Ganoderma lucidum may modulate key molecular pathways involved in neurodegeneration, positioning it as a promising agent for further investigation. This study aims to investigate the effects of Ganoderma lucidum on aging-related neurodegenerative processes, with a focus on its biochemical pathways, behavioural outcomes, and potential therapeutic relevance. The chosen dose of G. lucidum extracts is 1000mg/kg/day for all in present study. The Morris water maze test and Cook's pole climbing for passive avoidance were used to assess spatial memory. Using a Total Amyloid beta ELISA kit, estimated the amount of Aβ (1-40 and 1-42) in the brain preparation. This is followed by the estimation of the levels of in-vivo antioxidant enzymes, such as the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) or malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione content (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and catalase (CAT) activity in the brain preparation. In comparison to the STZ control group and the sham, sham+aCSF, and vehicle treated groups, the ICV STZ rats treated with G. lucidum extract shown a notable improvement in the ICV STZ groups. These findings suggest that Ganoderma lucidum exerts multi-targeted neuroprotective effects and holds potential as a natural therapeutic agent for the management of neurodegenerative disorders.