A cross-sectional study of occupational exposure to radioiodine in nuclear medicine professionals

Background: Radioiodine (^131I) is widely used in nuclear medicine for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, particularly in thyroid disorders. Occupational exposure to radioiodine among nuclear medicine personnel poses potential health risks. This study aimed to assess the occupational exposure levels of nuclear medicine staff handling radioiodine and evaluate associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 50 nuclear medicine personnel at a tertiary care hospital. Personal dosimeters were used to measure radiation dose over 3 months. Data on job role, duration of exposure, and protective measures were collected. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and inferential tests to assess exposure differences by job category. Results: The mean monthly equivalent dose was 2.35 ± 1.10 mSv, with technologists receiving higher doses than physicians and nurses (p < 0.05). Use of protective equipment significantly reduced exposure (p = 0.02). No personnel exceeded the annual occupational dose limit of 20 mSv. Conclusion: Occupational exposure to radioiodine among nuclear medicine personnel remains within safety limits but shows variation by job role and protective practices. Continued monitoring and adherence to safety protocols are essential to minimize exposure risks.