Resveratrol and IL-6 Modulation of CXCL1 Expression and Viability in Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines

This study aims to investigate, through in vitro methods, the molecular, immunofluorescent, and immunohistochemical effects of resveratrol and IL-6 on CXCL1 gene/protein expression in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). MCF-7 and MCF-10A cell lines were cultured and divided into four groups: control, IL-6-treated, resveratrol-treated, and a combination-treated group. CXCL1 gene expression was assessed by real-time PCR (RT-PCR), while CXCL1 protein levels were analyzed using immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. Cell viability was quantified by MTS assay using ELISA. CXCL1 gene/protein was overexpressed in MCF-7 cells, especially in the IL-6-treated group, but reduced in both resveratrol and combination-treated groups. MTS assay showed increased cell viability in all IL-6 concentrations compared to control, with the highest value at 300 μM. Immunofluorescence revealed a significant increase in CXCL1 protein in the IL-6-treated group and a decrease in the resveratrol and combination groups. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that CXCL1 protein levels significantly declined in MCF-7 cells treated with resveratrol alone or in combination with IL-6, compared to untreated control cells. These findings indicate that IL-6 upregulates, while resveratrol downregulates, CXCL1 expression in breast cancer cells. Further research is recommended to assess the long-term safety and effects of IL-6 and resveratrol in mammals, as comprehensive safety data for prolonged use remain incomplete.