Transmission line pilot relaying scheme based on superimposed DC decaying component energy

• Transmission Line Unit Protection. • FIR notch Filter. • Modified DFT. • DC decaying Component. • Hilbert Huang Transform. To ensure the security and selectivity of power system transmission line protection relays, a number of components oversee them. These components, fault detection, distance, directional, and differential protection are extremely important for protection. This research suggests a novel unit protection approach based on DC component information to address such an issue. The notch filtering technique is used to estimate the DC components at the beginning of the suggested algorithm. Next, the Hilbert operator, which acts as an index for the suggested unit protection logic, is used to quantify the energy of the differential DC component. For validation, many test systems with a range of worst-case scenarios are fitted and modeled using EMTDC/PSCAD. The results obtained from simulating numerous disturbances demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested approach.