Graphene-Based Hall Sensors: Materials and Production Approaches

Graphene remains one of the most studied materials due to its unique physical properties and two-dimensional structure. The article examines the current state of the graphene market, which is growing at a rapid pace, with a projected volume of USD 1.5 billion by 2027. Technologies for the production of graphene Hall sensors are discussed, in particular, the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, which is widely used to create industrial sensors. An important role in the properties of the sensors is played by the choice of the substrate, which can be both rigid (silicon, sapphire) and flexible (polyimide). Attention is paid to metal-graphene contacts, where edge contacts have significantly better conductivity than surface contacts. The authors emphasize that at the current stage of development of graphene electronics, there is no single technological process, as in the classical semiconductor industry, which requires further research to create more efficient sensors.