Liraglutide as a means of modifying cardiometabolic risk in patients with arterial hypertension and concomitant obesity

Background. Arterial Hypertension (AH), in combination with OBesity (OB), significantly increases cardiometabolic risk, leading to the development of cardiovascular events, chronic kidney disease, and metabolic disorders. In such patients, the effectiveness of standard antihypertensive therapy may be insufficient, which requires the use of drugs with pleiotropic action. Aim. To assess the effectiveness of liraglutide, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptors Agonist (GLP-1RA), as a component of combination therapy in patients with AH and OB, with the determination of its effect on cardiometabolic status, functional state of the kidneys, heart and neurohumoral regulation. Materials and Methods. The study involved 62 patients with AH and OB who received liraglutide at a dose of up to 3.0 mg/day for 12 months. The dynamics of anthropometric, biochemical, hormonal, hemodynamic, and echocardiographic parameters were assessed. Statistical processing was performed using the Statistica 13.0 package (StatSoft Inc., USA). Results. During the treatment, a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, insulin levels, leptin, Cardiotrophin-1 (CTF-1), N-terminal propeptide of brain natriuretic hormone (NT-proBNP), as well as an improvement in the lipid profile were observed. According to echocardiography, regression of myocardial hypertrophy and improved systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle was recorded. Positive but insignificant dynamics of functional renal parameters were noted. Conclusions. Liraglutide demonstrates a pronounced multicomponent efficacy in patients with hypertension and obesity, reducing leptin resistance and improving neuroendocrine regulation and metabolic and hemodynamic profile. Our findings suggest that it can be used in complex therapy to modify cardiometabolic risk. Keywords: leptin, GLP-1RA, N-terminal propeptide of brain natriuretic hormone, cardiohemodynamics.