Magnetohydrodynamics phenomena in continuous casting process under applied electromagnetic braking (EMBr)

• Electromagnetic braking (EMBr) reshapes turbulent flows in continuous casting (CC) • MHD forces transform isotropic turbulence into quasi-2D coherent structures • Induced current density closure causes MHD force to accelerate stagnant fluid regions • Reverse vortices near MHD jet overgrow into opposing meniscus flow with EMBr increase • EMBr mitigates asymmetric flows, improving casting stability and product quality In the presented work the effects of electromagnetic braking (EMBr) are gathered, exemplifying key magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) phenomena in continuous casting (CC) process. The complex interactions between turbulent liquid metal flows and a direct current (DC) magnetic field through the meso-to-macro scale cascade are reviewed. We analyze MHD influences on different types of melt motion in CC, including jets, recirculation zones, and shear flows, as well as Lorentz force-induced acceleration in stagnant regions. These phenomena result from the distribution of induced electric current lines closing through either the liquid bulk or the semiconducting solidifying shell. The continuously growing shell, formed against the water-cooled copper mold walls, is significantly affected by the hot melt flow patterns. The study highlights practical applications of EMBr to optimize flow dynamics in the CC process, providing insight into improving casting stability and product quality.