NAVIGATING TWO WORLDS: CODE ALTERNATION OF ENGLISH AND URDU IN PAKISTANI ACADEMIC SETTINGS BASED ON GUMPERZ’S MODEL

This study focuses on sociolinguistic analysis of code-switching and code-mixing among Pakistani Urdu-English bilinguals. Similarly, it emphasizes on the investigation as how often people switch during their speech and what factors promote the code-switching and thus code-mixing. A mixed method approach was adopted. Students from seventh and eighth semesters from the Department of English at National University of Modern Languages Islamabad Sub-Campus Multan were taken as sample. The theoretical framework employed in this research is based on John Gumperz Conversational Code-Switching Model that indicates how code-switching is used as communicative tool in language to effectively impart social meanings. The findings of this study point out that speakers employ code-switching in conversations to convey social meanings in addition to this, several linguistic, social, educational, situational factors lead speakers to code-switching and code-mixing. Keywords: Code-switching, Code-Mixing, Bilinguals, Classroom discourse, social factors, educational factors