Comparative Analysis of Risks in Building Projects across Regional Boundaries

Two extensive regions, India and the Middle East, each host flourishing building sectors; yet beneath the surface lie distinct risk landscapes awaiting exploration. A group of experienced construction professionals from both regions participated in a questionnaire survey. Their responses—72 in total—were analyzed using fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (AHP). To enhance the robustness of the analysis, six case studies—three from each region—were conducted, revealing the real-world challenges faced by construction teams. What emerged is a clear differentiation of their risk profiles. In the Middle East, significant risks are embedded in the project itself, as well as those related to the owner, design team, project managers, resources, and financial structures. In India, however, the risks are more concentrated around contractors, external factors, contractual issues, and challenges arising from the nature of the project itself. This study provides concrete conclusions supported by case studies, serving as an essential resource for firms to navigate potential challenges in building projects.