Prevalence of adverse childhood experiences in the refractory chronic migraine population compared to non‐refractory chronic and episodic migraine

In this first study to characterize ACE scores in those with rCM recommended for IIT, we found that the ACE score, headache frequency, MIDAS score, and HIT-6 score were significantly higher in the rCM group versus the EM group. Headache frequency, MIDAS score, and HIT-6 score were significantly higher in the rCM group versus the non-rCM group, but no significant difference was found for ACE scores between these two CM groups. Our results agree with prior research demonstrating an association of ACEs with migraine and its chronification. Further study is required to better understand how ACEs influence migraine and its refractoriness to treatment.