Delineation of urban geosituational patterns as a component of urban geosystem analysis

The article presents one aspect of urban geosystem analysis of the urban environment, which involves identifying multi-rank patterns of urban geosituations (UGSits). The possibility of forming such patterns is determined by the property of UGSits as structural invariants of the urban geosystem (UGS). Identifying and studying UGSit patterns contributes to organizing the urban environment within the UGS model and ensures effective analysis for addressing urban problems. Such solutions can be extended to the entire geosituation pattern as applicable to it. It is noted that these entities are formed through the systematic and structural nature of urban development, which changes depending on the historical evolution of the city and a set of factors determined by the current state of societal, economic, and technological development. As a result of these changes, modern cities with rich histories comprise various multi-rank UGSit patterns represented by different types of development. As a typical manifestation of patterns, the article examines development across various land-use types (LUT). Based on a 3D model of New York City development in the Mapbox Studio environment, the study identifies and characterizes patterns of commercial, industrial, institutional, and residential LUTs. Each of these LUTs exhibits specific development characteristics, such as building density, planning structure, building sizes, and architecture, which distinguish them into separate patterns. In the QGIS environment, maps of UGSit pattern distribution across Washington, D.C., were also created based on parameters such as building density, area, and height, derived from LiDAR survey data. Additionally, the article explores the dynamics of the development of a specific UGSit pattern in Tallinn through modeling and comparison of two sets of LiDAR data collected twice over a four-year interval for a specific pattern area. This allowed for identifying the volume and nature of changes in the development of this pattern during the specified period.