Shilajit Inhibits the Toxic Effect of Bisphenol

The experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kerbala, between January 3, 2025, and February 5, 2025. Special cages were used to house the rabbits during the study. A total of thirty rabbits were divided into three groups: G1: The Control group received water and pellets only. G2: Treated with Bisphenol A at a dose of 1 mL/kg. G3: Treated with Bisphenol A (1 mL/kg) and Shilajit (0.2 g/kg). Biochemical analysis revealed a significant increase in liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT, IU/L) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST, IU/L) as well as in kidney function markers (urea and creatinine) in G2 compared to G1. In contrast, no significant differences were observed in G3 compared to G1 across all measured parameters. Histopathological examination of G2 livers showed bile duct hyperplasia, mononuclear cell infiltration around bile ducts, dilated blood vessels, and hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes. Perivascular aggregation of mononuclear cells, predominantly macrophages, was observed around the central vein. Renal tissue in G2 displayed glomerular tuft shrinkage, extensive interstitial mononuclear infiltration, and atrophy of surrounding renal tubules. In G3, histopathology revealed mild mononuclear cell infiltration, including giant cells and prominent Kupffer cells in the liver. Additionally, fatty changes and apoptotic features were noted in some hepatocytes. Kidney sections showed hyaline casts, interstitial hemorrhage, and infiltration by mononuclear cells.