Histopathological Spectrum of Female Genital Tract Lesions - A Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Histopathological examination gives much valuable information about the disease process in addition to the confirmation of the diagnosis of any surgically removed tissues or organs. The female genital tract lesions are diverse in nature and constitute a large majority of surgical cases in a histopathology laboratory. This study aims to observe and analyze the histopathological spectrum of female genital tract lesions. Materials and Method: This retrospective study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Medical College for Women and Hospital (MCW&H) Dhaka. The data of the female genital tract (uterus, cervix, endometrial tissue, ovary, fallopian tube, vulva, and vaginal tissue, etc.) lesions, recorded during the period from 1st January 2021 to 31st December 2023 in the register of the Histopathology and Cytopathology Laboratory of MCW&H, were the study material. Incomplete information or non-diagnostic samples were excluded from the study. The information was recorded in a predesigned data collection sheet. Statistical analysis was done with frequency and percentage. Online statistical calculator and Microsoft Office Excel was used for conducting the analysis. Results: A total of 989 surgical specimens from female genital tract were observed in the present study. The age range was from 08-80 years and most of the patients were in the age group of 31 to 40 years. The non neoplastic lesions constituted majority (60.06%) of the total study specimens. In the neoplastic group, majority (89.62%) were benign. Leiomyoma was the most common benign neoplasm in our study. In malignant group invasive squamous cell carcinoma constituted the majority. Conclusion: Histopathology is the ultimate cornerstone in diagnosis of any surgical specimen. In order to ensure optimal and proper management, histopathology examination of all gynecological surgical samples is mandatory. J Med Coll Women Hosp.2025; 21 (1):58-73