A recipe for exotic 2-links in closed 4-manifolds whose components are topological unknots
We describe a construction procedure of infinite sets of 2-links in closed simply connected 4-manifolds that are topologically isotopic, smoothly inequivalent and componentwise topologically unknotted.These 2-links are the first such examples in the literature.The examples provided have surface and free groups as their 2-link groups, and display subtle exotic phenomena that are related to their linking.In particular, our examples are not parallel copies of exotic embeddings of 2-spheres that were previously known to exist nor their combinations with smoothly unknotted 2-spheres. The fundamental group 1 (X \ ) of the complement of (1-1) is called the 2-link group.
Authors
- Valentina Bais (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7399-1620)
- Oliviero Malech
- Younes Benyahia
- Rafael Torres (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7979-017X)
Institutions
- The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) (IT)
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (IT)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Pacific Journal of Mathematics
- Published
- 2025-06-20
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.2140/pjm.2025.338.35
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Geometric and Algebraic Topology
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 4.09
Funders
- Gruppo Nazionale per le Strutture Algebriche, Geometriche e le loro Applicazioni