Kinesiophobia – Fear of Movement as a Possible Barrier to Adherence to a Reha-bilitation Program in Selected Chronic Diseases

Introduction: Kinesiophobia, or the fear of movement, arises from various causes, with irrational fear of pain induced by movement playing a key role. It also includes concerns about fatigue, increased physical activity, discomfort, disease progression, and potential complications. Among patients with chronic diseases, kinesiophobia can be a crucial factor influencing their engagement in physical activity, whether in rehabilitation or leisure time. Objective: To provide an overview of the prevalence of kinesiophobia in selected chronic diseases and identify barriers affecting physical activity. Methods: A review study utilizing electronic sources from the National Medical Library, the Central Sports Library of FTVS UK, and databases such as PubMed, EBSCO, SCOPUS, Medline, and Web of Science. Results: The study summarizes the causes, manifestations, diagnostic tools, and treatment options for kinesiophobia. It maps its prevalence in patients with chronic lower back pain, ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), multiple sclerosis, post-stroke conditions, and Parkinson’s disease. The main barriers include chronic pain, functional impairment, depression, anxiety, low educational level, and insufficient understanding of the importance of physical activity. Conclusions: Long-term avoidance of movement negatively impacts overall health. Therefore, it is essential to identify kinesiophobia and adapt treatment strategies accordingly. Raising awareness of this issue is crucial for effective and long-term successful therapy.