Charging Station Sizing and Placement for EV Docking Station in Smart Grid

Deploying electric vehicles (EVs) is essential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and other harmful gases generated by conventional engines. Unprecedented hike in fuel prices and environmental concerns have increased the usage of EVs for last‐mile connectivity. An increase in the adoption of EVs also leads to an increase in the grid power demand. A typical EV docking station (EVDS) hosting EVs for last‐mile connectivity is considered in this research. Hence, there is a need to locate EVDS, considering the optimal charging pattern of the EVs and the distance traveled. Initially, a ride‐hailing company EVDS is modeled based on the type and level of charging. Based on charging profile observations from the advanced metering system, the EV charging system provider (CSP) must propose a suitable location for placing the docking stations corresponding to the energy required for charging the EV fleet. The proposed approach integrates an IEEE 69 Bus distribution network with a solar‐powered EVDS. Integration makes use of solar energy as a primary or supplementary source for charging EVs, promoting sustainability and reducing reliance on the conventional grid. Solar photovoltaic (SPV) system‐powered EVDS improves reliability and efficiency by reducing power losses. EVDS remains functional during peak demand or grid outages due to the distributed nature of SPV systems. The optimal placement of a solar‐based EVDS in the IEEE 69 bus system will improve the charging time, system reliability, and greater utilization of renewable energy sources. Finally, the reliability test was carried out for the optimal placement of solar EVDS within an IEEE 69 BUS system.