Overexpression of CTLA-4 and fibronectin, and lower expression of CD137 (4-1BB) is associated with brain metastasis of primary skin melanomas. An analysis of local immune response by digital spatial profiling
Lower expression of CD137 (4-1BB) is linked with the formation of distant metastases and the expressions of fibronectin and CTLA-4 herald the formation of brain metastasis in particular.
Authors
- Disha Vadgama (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7178-1429)
- Shiva Najjary (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-0016)
- Mengqi Huang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1675-8575)
- H. Jacobus Gilhuis
- Dana A. M. Mustafa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0644-078X)
- Zineb Belcaid (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-371X)
- Johan M. Kros (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4727-0724)
- Alexander C. J. van Akkooi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3262-6935)
Institutions
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (AU)
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- Reinier de Graaf Hospital (NL)
- Melanoma Institute Australia (AU)
- Erasmus University Rotterdam (NL)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Published
- 2025-06-20
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1578986
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.80