Comparative Evaluation of Condylar Morphologies on Panoramic Radiographs: A Retrospective Study

Aim: The present study aims to evaluate the anatomical variations in the shape of the mandibular condyle on panoramic radiographs (PR).Materials and methods: A total of 300 randomly selected PR of patients visiting the outpatient department (OPD) of a private dental college in Haryana, India, were included in the study.The radiographic examination was performed for nontemporomandibular joint pain purposes, and none of the individuals reported any symptoms of joint pain.The radiographs were divided into six age-groups, with an equal proportion of males and females in each group.Different condylar shapes were noted.Data were collected and subjected to statistical analysis.Results: The round shape of condyle was most predominant in males (36.3%) and females (30%).The difference between age-groups was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion:A physician can more easily discern between variations in form and pathologic condition owing to the typical anatomical and morphological variances in the condylar head.Clinical significance: To differentiate condylar morphological variations from temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), it is essential to comprehend typical anatomical variations.