CRISPR-based Genome Editing in Shrimp and Its Potential in Aquaculture

In recent years, genome editing technology has developed rapidly and has shown broad prospects in the field of animal and plant breeding. Focusing on the application of CRISPR/Cas system in shrimp genome editing and its potential impact on the aquaculture industry, this study introduces the current development status of the global aquaculture industry and the major challenges faced; outlines the principles and advantages of CRISPR-Cas gene editing technology, and compares it with the early ZFNs and TALENs technologies, pointing out the outstanding advantages of CRISPR in operation simplicity and editing efficiency; expounds the complexity of shrimp genome and the latest sequencing research progress, lists the identification results of major economic trait-related genes and the construction of shrimp transcriptome database. This study focused on reviewing the latest application cases of CRISPR technology in shrimps, including the exploration of using CRISPR/Cas9 to edit the Vitellogenin gene of the shrimp to affect ovarian development, and targeting receptor genes susceptible to WSSV to enhance disease resistance. It also explores the prospects of CRISPR in regulating shrimp growth and reproduction, including accelerating growth and gender control, in order to provide a comprehensive reference for in-depth research on shrimp genome editing technology and the application of aquaculture practice.