Comparison of Surgical and Non-Surgical Approaches on Mortality in Hip Fracture Patients

Aim: Hip fractures are a prevalent and severe health issue, especially in the elderly population.The incidence of hip fractures is expected to increase globally, posing a significant public health challenge.Surgical intervention is traditionally the standard treatment, though the effectiveness of surgical versus non-surgical management in reducing mortality remains unclear.This study aimed to evaluate the effects of surgical and non-surgical approaches on one-month and one-year mortality rates in patients with hip fractures. Materials and Methods:A prospective, single-center study was conducted at Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine Hospital, including 113 patients diagnosed with hip fractures.Patients were classified based on whether they received surgical intervention or not. Results:The mean age of patients was 67.9119.95years, with 63 (55.8%) women.Among the patients, 94 (83.2%) underwent surgery, and 19 (16.8%) did not.The one-month and the one-year mortality rates were 13.3%, and 22.1%, respectively.For surgical patients, one-month and one-year mortality rates were 8.5% and 16%, respectively.In contrast, non-surgical patients had higher mortality rates, with 36.8% one-month and 52.6% one-year mortality.The difference in mortality between surgical and non-surgical patients was statistically significant (p<0.001 for both). Conclusion:Surgical treatment for hip fractures significantly reduces both one-month and one-year mortality compared to non-surgical management.While surgery is beneficial, the decision should be individualized, considering patient comorbidities and overall health.For frail, high-risk patients, non-surgical approaches may be more appropriate.This study emphasizes the importance of timely surgical intervention to improve survival outcomes in hip fracture patients.