Genomic Selection Breeding in Abalone: Progress and Challenges

Abalone is an important marine aquaculture shellfish in China, and its output accounts for about 90% of the world in recent years. Traditional breeding plays a key role in improving abalone yield and stress resistance, but faces bottlenecks such as slowing growth rate and inbreeding germplasm degradation. This study reviews the genetic basis and relationship between traits of the main economic traits of abalone, the proposal of emerging breeding goals, the accumulation of abalone genomic and omics data resources, the support of high-throughput phenotype and molecular detection technology, the research progress of the application of genome selection in abalone, and the breeding practice cases of industry-university-research cooperation. On this basis, we will explore the combination of cutting-edge technologies such as multi-omics fusion, intelligent algorithms and gene editing with abalone breeding, and look forward to the new models of targeted cultivation and personalized breeding in the future. Comprehensive analysis shows that important progress has been made in abalone genome selection breeding, but there are still challenges in improving the breeding system, accumulating data and integrating new technologies. Looking ahead, we should "hold on the germplasm chips" and drive the creation of abalone varieties through the integration of multi-dimensional technology to help the abalone industry continue to develop at a high-quality level.