Research Progress of Acute Cholecystitis in Pregnancy

妊娠合并急性胆囊炎是妊娠期最常见的非产科急腹症之一，约90%的急性胆囊炎合并有胆囊结石，称为急性结石性胆囊炎(acute calculous cholecystitis, ACC)。妊娠期由于母体特殊的生理状态及身体结构的改变，易诱发胆囊炎，其炎症本身及可能引发的并发症对母婴的生命安全构成了重大威胁。目前，随着理论的更新及新技术的发展，妊娠状态不再被视作手术禁忌，越来越多的研究证实了孕妇行胆囊切除的安全性和可行性，但是最佳手术时机仍没有形成一致意见，还需要更多高品质的RCT研究来指导临床。现阶段，国内尚未见有关妊娠合并急性胆囊炎的指南性文献，本文结合国内外最新研究进展对其作一综述，以期对临床有一定的指导意义。Acute cholecystitis in pregnancy ranks among the most prevalent non-obstetric acute abdominal conditions during the gestational period. Roughly 90% of acute cholecystitis incidents are concomitant with gallstones, designated as acute calculous cholecystitis (ACC). Due to the unique physiological state and anatomical changes in pregnant women, the risk of developing cholecystitis increases significantly. The inflammatory process itself and potential complications pose significant threats to the safety of both mother and fetus. With advancements in medical theory and new technologies, pregnancy is no longer considered a contraindication for surgical intervention. Increasing evidence supports the safety and feasibility of cholecystectomy in pregnant patients. However, consensus on the optimal timing of surgery remains elusive, necessitating further high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCT) to guide clinical practice. Currently, there are no published guideline documents on pregnancy-associated acute cholecystitis in China. This review synthesizes the latest domestic and international research progress to provide practical clinical guidance.