Dilemma of Legal Application and Difficulty of Law Enforcement Cooperation in Cross-border Data Flow

Cross-border data transfers have sparked legal disputes and regulatory difficulties while simultaneously advancing the expansion of the digital economy. This article explores the legal conflicts and law enforcement cooperation dilemmas in cross-border data flows from the perspective of the offense of violating the privacy of citizens in China's Criminal Law. This article uses theoretical analysis and comparative analysis to analyze data sovereignty theory, international flow of production factors theory, privacy rights theory and global governance theory, compares the regulatory rules of the United States, the European Union, Russia and China, and reveals the difficulties China faces in cross-border data flow law enforcement cooperation. This article proposes that China should improve its domestic legal system, add extraterritorial effect clauses, strengthen the research and development of data security technologies, and actively take part in the creation of global regulations to meet the challenges of cross-border data flows. Building an effective regulatory framework and balancing the free flow of data and the protection of personal information is of great significance to achieving sustainable development of the global economy and digital economy.