Advancements in Lithium-Ion Batteries: The Role of SEI Membranes in Enhancing Performance and Addressing Aging Mechanisms

In survey of new generation of social and economic development, we can see new fears manifested in the energy crisis and global warming causing an even wide concern about this. Travelling in traditional fuel vehicles is exacerbated by the trend of introducing more tram lines, and the models of tram cars being manufactured gain diversity, among them the BEVs[1], HEVs[2], and FCEVs[3]. The lithium-ion battery, a major electromechanical device in these electric vehicles, is an important part for energy storage that accounts for most of the performance of the vehicle. The SEI membrane, the most vital constituent of a lithium-ion battery (LIB), determines the cycle life, capacity retention, and overall safety of the LIB. This review assesses the SEI's chemical structure, formation mechanisms, and growth processes, including their impact on the aging of lithium-ion batteries. Several factors were mentioned here, such as the type of electrolyte, electrodes, and the working environment, concerning the stability of an SEI membrane. This paper also summarizes the characterization technique, which besides other things include X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV), for explaining the SEI films. This project will be aimed at the mitigation of these SEI formation and battery aging beyond the current state of the art to be able to increase further.