Seismic vulnerability of rooftop telecommunication towers at urban scale

The impact of low temperatures on the seismic performance of isolated bridges with high damping rubber (HDR) bearings cannot be ignored.In cold regions, the effectiveness of the isolation system is highly likely to be weakened, leading to a higher seismic risk for bridges.However, a lack of reasonable seismic risk assessment exists for isolated bridges in lowtemperature environments.This paper aims to assess the seismic risk of isolated highway bridges with HDR bearings in cold regions.A prototype of the bridge is selected, and the incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) is conducted for seismic performance evaluation.The fragility surface incorporating intensity and temperature measures is evaluated.The seismic damage probability is estimated.It can be found that the probability of a bridge with no damage, in this case, decreases from 0.681 to 0.598 by 8.3% when considering the temperature effect,