Infrastructure wind risk assessment under climate change: an integrated analysis of metal roofs, power networks and street trees

Climate change intensifies global extreme weather events, significantly heightening the risks posed by wind disasters to urban infrastructures such as metal roofs, power networks, and street trees.This research develops a comprehensive regional wind risk assessment framework specifically tailored to evaluate the compounded vulnerabilities of these elements under future climate scenarios.Utilizing advanced computational methods, the study assesses metal roofs through deep learning-based satellite image segmentation and machine learningdriven vulnerability modeling.For street trees, structural vulnerabilities are quantified using finite element analysis and AI-based species classification.Power network risks are analyzed using adapted wind vulnerability curves and a network exposure model constructed via Minimum Spanning Tree algorithms.Monte Carlo simulations and wind-driven debris trajectory models further enrich the analysis, capturing cascading failure mechanisms resulting from interactions among infrastructure components.Results indicate significant variability in vulnerability across regions, driven primarily by infrastructure density and wind direction.Particularly, the study demonstrates disproportionate damage increases at higher wind speeds, with regional hotspots clearly identified.Integration of vulnerability curves for each infrastructure component offers quantitative predictions of damage probabilities, thus serving as a robust foundation for climate change adaptation strategies.Ultimately, this integrated analysis provides critical insights into infrastructure interdependencies and highlights specific urban planning and management strategies to enhance resilience against wind-related disasters.Findings support evidence-based decision-making processes and underscore the importance of proactive infrastructure reinforcement and adaptive urban vegetation management in mitigating climate-induced wind disaster risks. INTRODUCTIONTaiwan, situated in the Western Pacific typhoon corridor, faces significant natural disaster risks from typhoons, which pose a growing threat to national security.Statistical data indicates