A Multivariate Qualitative Analysis Approach in Decoding Energy Poverty in the European Union

This paper explores the influence of multidimensional variables on energy poverty in European Union countries. Through the analysis of the current situation of energy poverty, it is found that the countries with high energy poverty rate are mainly concentrated in Eastern and southern Europe. Based on a linear regression model, the study found that energy poverty in European Union countries is strongly linked to building quality, utility bill arrears, migration and climate factors. Electricity arrears had the largest impact (0.5032), indicating the need for the Government to focus on households with high energy burdens; Building quality ranked second (0.2919), and the government should continue to increase efforts to improve building energy efficiency. Migration has a signi-ficant negative impact on reducing energy poverty (-0.2351), and policymakers should take full advantage of its positive effects to facilitate the energy transition process.Although the impact of climate factors is relatively small, it cannot be ignored, especially in the context of increased demand for cooling in summer. The results provide an important basis for the formulation of targeted policies.