Efficient Node Deployment and Optimization for Cognitive Radio Based Vehicular Communication

An ENDO-CRVC model, integrating cognitive radio and VANET (Vehicular Ad Hoc Network) principles to enhance vehicular communication in urban environments. This model optimizes channel allocation and minimizes delay, addressing NP-hard problems through an efficient routing algorithm and a Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm for node deployment. Extensive simulations demonstrate the model's effectiveness in achieving superior performance metrics such as data accuracy, data loss, routing overhead, throughput, and average delay compared to existing protocols. The study contributes to advancing vehicular communication systems, offering insights into efficient node deployment and optimization strategies for cognitive radio-based vehicular communication.