A Quantum-Resistant Authenticated Key Exchange Protocol Based on RLWE and Error Reconciliation Mechanism

The rapid development of quantum computers poses a significant threat to the majority of current authenticated key exchang protocols, designed on the hardness of large integer factorization and discrete logarithm problems. Therefore, it is imperative to develop secure and efficient quantum-resistant authenticated key exchang protocols. This paper designs a new public-key cryptographic scheme for identity authentication based on Ring Learning With Errors (RLWE) problem and error reconciliation mechanism. Based on the scheme, we further design a quantum-resistant authenticated key exchange protocol (AKE). This protocol is provably secure under the standard eCK model and achieves forward secrecy. Compared with other classic key exchange protocols based on the RLWE problem, our protocol shows comprehensive advantages in terms of security, computational complexity, and communication complexity.