Usability and educational potential of a virtual reality software for training in a target-controlled infusion pump handling: a pilot study

Background: Total Intravenous Anesthesia involves automated and controlled infusion of anesthetic drugs.Despite advancements in smart infusion pump technology, errors in their use remain significant, threatening patient safety.This study focused on the development and usability evaluation of a virtual reality software designed to train anesthesiologists in handling target-controlled infusion pumps during total intravenous anesthesia.Methods: A co-creation process guided the pilot development of the software.Participants engaged in a simulated virtual reality scenario, executing tasks that mimicked real-world use of a target-controlled infusion pump.Usability was assessed using the System Usability Scale questionnaire and qualitative feedback.Conclusion: The System Usability Scale score of 67.32 indicated a marginally acceptable level of usability.Participants positively evaluated the software in terms of realism, immersion, interactivity, and autonomy in performing tasks.Although qualitative evaluations were favorable, usability findings indicated areas for improvement to enhance the user experience and educational effectiveness of the tool.