What is known about the use of pagers as improvised explosive devices: The mechanism of action, the injuries, and what to expect in a hospital setting

This article examines the alarming trend of utilizing pagers and walkie-talkies as improvised explosive devices (IEDs) in the ongoing conflict between Israel and Hezbollah. In recent years, there has been a notable increase in incidents where commercial pagers, often perceived as benign communication tools, have been repurposed for malicious intent. This article analyzes documented cases of pager-related explosions, highlighting the mechanism of injury, type of injuries seen, and the problem faced by medical personnel when facing this type of mini yet numerous explosive. Through a review of emergency and operating room reports, along with expert testimonies, this article aims to shed light on the evolving tactics employed in urban warfare. The findings underscore the urgent need for enhanced medical awareness to mitigate the risks posed by such unconventional threats, especially in war zones like the Middle East.