Occupant Satisfaction with Building Systems and Thermostat Usage in Energy-Efficient Affordable Housing in Southern California: Preliminary Findings

This preliminary study examines resident satisfaction with building systems in energy-efficient affordable housing, addressing a gap in understanding how these systems impact low-income households. As California pushes toward net-zero energy goals, insights into resident experiences are essential for achieving energy efficiency while ensuring occupant well-being and equitable access to sustainable living environments. Seven residents of a newly constructed energy-efficient affordable housing property were interviewed in a semi-structured format. Thematic analysis revealed varied satisfaction levels with systems such as heating, cooling, lighting, and water heating. While residents appreciated the building’s energy systems, they shared concerns regarding hot water delivery and usage of advanced thermostat features. Some expressed frustration with unclear instructions and limited perceived control, while others were satisfied with basic functionality. Although the studied property benefits from many energy efficiency features, findings of this research highlight the need for improvement areas through user-centric design and retrofit, better education, and support to enhance system usability and satisfaction. This preliminary study sets the ground for broader research while shedding light on potential action plans for policymakers, developers, and designers to improve energy-efficient affordable housing and promote equity through tailoring solutions to low-income residents' needs, supporting the broader net-zero energy agenda while ensuring their well-being and satisfaction.