Efficient Multipath Mitigation in GNSS Using Dynamic Selection and Weighting of Early-Late Correlators

In this paper a real-time multipath interference mitigation technique is proposed for Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), employing an adaptive discriminator architecture that dynamically optimizes the selection and weighting of early-late (E-L) correlators to minimize discriminator function (DF) offset errors at the delay-locked loop (DLL) output. The proposed approach operates in two principal phases: first, it performs real-time estimation of the relative multipath delay; subsequently, it reconfigures the DLL discriminator through an empirically optimized lookup table, ensuring robust and adaptive delay tracking across dynamic signal conditions. This adaptive mechanism optimally determines the number of E-L correlator pairs and their respective weighting coefficients to enhance DLL tracking stability and mitigate multipath-induced distortions. The proposed method is compatible with various Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) signal structures, including binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and advanced binary offset carrier (BOC) modulations, which exhibit high-resolution autocorrelation functions (ACFs) with multiple spectral side lobes, leading to synchronization ambiguities. Simulation results substantiate that the proposed real-time multipath mitigation technique outperforms conventional baseband signal processing approaches, achieving superior robustness and enhanced positioning accuracy, particularly in challenging propagation environments.