Comparitive analysis of antibiotic susceptibility patttern shown by Staphylococcus aureus isolated from pus sample

Background: Antibiotic resistance poses a significant global health challenge, particularly concerning Staphylococcus aureus, a prominent pathogen notorious for its ability to develop resistance. This study aims to analyze the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of S. aureus isolated from pus samples over four years using the Vitek method. Materials & Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at Padmashree Diagnostic, Bengaluru, analyzing data from January 2020 to December 2023. Pus samples from both genders, collected aseptically, were analyzed. The Vitek-2 system was employed for bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 22.0, with p-values < 0.05 considered significant. Results & Discussion: The analysis of 116 isolates revealed high resistance rates to Ciprofloxacin (81%) and Levofloxacin (83.6%) across the years, with resistance peaking in 2021. Erythromycin resistance declined from 52% to 34.7%, while Gentamicin showed fluctuations in resistance rates. Notably, Tigecycline resistance emerged in 2023, showing a significant increase (p = 0.007). Trends suggest dynamic shifts in antibiotic susceptibility, highlighting the need for continued surveillance. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the variability in resistance patterns of S. aureus over four years, with significant trends observed in Tigecycline and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole resistance. Continuous monitoring and targeted antibiotic stewardship are crucial in combating rising antibiotic resistance.