Reproductive Rights in India: Legal Progress vs. Social Barriers

This research paper explores the evolution and current status of reproductive rights in India, focusing on key legal developments such as the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971, and the recognition of reproductive autonomy under Article 21 of the Constitution. Despite these advancements, challenges like unsafe abortions (60%), limited contraceptive options (37% rely on sterilization), and high maternal mortality rates (MMR of 103) persist, especially in rural areas. The paper highlights how patriarchal norms, economic barriers, and social stigma continue to restrict women’s autonomy. It advocates for improved healthcare access, awareness, and systemic reforms to make reproductive rights a reality for all women.